狗狗有社交压力吗？
动物界也存在社交压力，不过人类很难通过其他动物的角度观察到这种压力的存在。 美国心理学家、诺贝尔奖得主，杰罗姆·布洛克（Jerome K. Jerome Brody）曾经于1934年发表过一篇论文《狗的自我认知》(Self-Consciousness in the Dog)。这篇文章的摘要如下： “The study of self-consciousness has been conducted primarily with man as subject; to date， no such investigation exists with regard to animals， although it would seem that certain species are capable of recognizing themselves in a mirror. The present article reports an experiment designed to test whether dogs possess this ability and if so what they do when confronted by their reflections… A German Shepherd dog was subjected to five trials while under observation using video recording equipment. On each trial。the animal was first presented with its reflection in a mirror and then with a real object resembling the reflection. Observations were made from three positions， one each for the observer， the dog， and the mirror. All five observations showed that on being first shown itself in the mirror， followed immediately by some form of stimulus or action which diverted its attention away from the mirror， the animal turned toward the stimulus as quickly as possible； conversely， after having been distracted by a stimulus， returning gaze upon the mirror produced very rapid turning towards the mirror……It is suggested that these results indicate the presence of self-awareness in canine subjects．” 翻译成白话文就是：“关于自我意识的研究主要是对人进行的实验研究；目前尚无任何针对动物的这类研究。虽然看起来某些物种能够认出镜中的自己，但还没有任何科学证据证实这一点。本篇文章中报告了一个旨在检测狗是否具有自我意识以及它们在镜子里看到自己的时候会做什么的实验。一只德国牧羊犬被观察了5次——每次都用录影装置记录了它的活动。每当实验进行到下一个阶段之前，首先都会让狗在镜子前看到它自己的影像。然后，实验者会将一个与镜中物体相似的东西放在狗面前。观察者从三个不同位置进行观察——即观察者、狗和镜子所在的位置。所有五个阶段的记录都显示当狗第一次看到自己映照在镜中时，它会立刻转头看向吸引它注意力的东西或做出某种反应。相反地，如果狗刚刚被别的东西吸引了注意力的话，那么回到镜子的旁边就会迅速引起它的注意并转头朝向镜子……文章作者认为这些结果表明狗狗具有自我意识。”
简而言之，这个研究的结论是：在镜子前面，狗先是凝视着自己的倒影，随后再转头看向别处。这一行为说明狗认识到了镜子里是自己。而一旦狗先是被另一个东西吸引住眼球，那么回视镜子后它会立即转回头。这个现象同样证明了狗可以分辨出镜子里的是自己。 根据这篇文献来看，狗是有可能会感受到自己在面对外界环境时的心理压力的，只不过我们不太清楚它们的心理压力来自何处而已。